Study: Dog vaccination more effective than child rabies shots in Kerala
Research argues targeting dogs prevents more deaths than routine pre-exposure prophylaxis for children.
What to know
- A new cost-effectiveness study argues dog vaccination is far more effective than routine rabies shots for children: 83% death reduction vs. only 10 additional deaths prevented over 10 years.
- Scaling dog vaccination to 70% coverage could eliminate human rabies deaths in Kerala within three years, versus childhood pre-exposure prophylaxis costing $10.5–36.5 million with minimal impact.
- The study does not rule out pre-exposure prophylaxis entirely, but argues it is better targeted to high-risk populations with difficult healthcare access rather than as a universal childhood strategy.
- Kerala already has intensive rabies prevention with over 900,000 people receiving post-bite treatment annually and 90% PEP completion rates, yet 33 deaths were reported in 2025.
“routine childhood PrEP—vaccinating children against rabies before any animal exposure — would prevent only about 10 additional deaths over 10 years, while adding an estimated $10.5 million to $36.5 million to healthcare costs.”
The Lancet Regional Health – Southeast Asia study, Published research · The Hindu ↗ · Sep 11
University of Glasgow Lead research institutionDirectorate of Medical Education, Kerala University of Health Sciences Collaborating research partnerKerala paediatricians and public health experts Advocates for childhood PrEP
How it unfolded 2 developments, newest first · click a bar or a number to jump articles
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background
Study argues dog vaccination targets virus at source while PrEP addresses symptoms — The research positions dog vaccination as a population-level strategy that stops virus transmission in the community, while noting that Kerala's strong access to post-exposure prophylaxis (PEP) means universal childhood PrEP would produce relatively little additional mortality reduction relative to its cost. The study leaves room for PrEP in high-risk populations with barriers to rapid healthcare access.
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Study details show dog vaccination prevents far more deaths than childhood PrEP
Research led by the University of Glasgow and published in The Lancet Regional Health – Southeast Asia shows that comprehensive dog vaccination combined with improved post-bite treatment could reduce rabies deaths by 83% compared to current strategy. Childhood PrEP would prevent only 10 additional deaths over 10 years while costing $10.5–36.5 million. Scaling dog vaccination to 70% coverage could potentially eliminate human rabies deaths in Kerala within three years.
“Scaling up vaccination of both owned and free-roaming dogs to 70% coverage could potentially bring human rabies deaths down to zero in Keralam within three years, according to the model.”
— The Lancet Regional Health – Southeast Asia study -
first by The Hindu National, 13d ago · also The Hindu
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University of Glasgow study on rabies prevention strategies released
A new cost-effectiveness study finds that expanding dog vaccination, rather than introducing routine pre-exposure vaccination for children, is the most effective and cost-effective way to eliminate rabies deaths in Kerala, India.
“comprehensive vaccination of dogs, combined with improved post-bite treatment and efforts to close gaps in PEP, could reduce rabies deaths by 83% compared to the current strategy…”
— The Lancet Regional Health – Southeast Asia study, Published research · source