Toyota plans 400,000 factory robots by 2028, says jobs won't disappear
The automaker will invest $6.42 billion annually to deploy humanoid and industrial robots, but executives promise coexistence with human workers.
What to know
- Toyota plans to deploy 400,000 robots (150,000 in own plants, 250,000 at suppliers) starting 2028, with $6.42B annual investment—workforce currently includes 18,000 veteran workers across 60 factories.
- Workers are already training ELEY humanoid robots on assembly-line tasks; Toyota frames this as coexistence, but labor unions express concern about job displacement and wage pressure.
- The push reflects industry-wide shift toward humanoid robots for EV production and skilled labor shortages, with Hyundai planning 25,000 Atlas robots and Chinese EV makers pursuing similar strategies.
“the push to deploy more robots and AI has generated backlash from labor unions concerned about layoffs and pressure on worker compensation”
Jeremy Hsu, Ars Technica reporter · Ars Technica ↗
Toyota Motor automakerHiroki Nakajima Toyota executive vice presidentHyundai automakerBoston Dynamics robotics subsidiary of Hyundai
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Toyota announces 400,000-robot deployment plan with annual $6.42B investment
Toyota Motor group revealed plans to invest $6.42 billion annually starting in 2028 to deploy 400,000 factory robots: 150,000 in its own automotive plants and 250,000 at group company facilities. The company is already training workers on ELEY humanoid robots that roll on wheels and perform precise hand movements.
“a world where robots coexist with humans, rather than replacing them…”
— Hiroki Nakajima, Toyota executive vice president -
background
Boston Dynamics opens robotics training center at Hyundai — Boston Dynamics announced launch of a new robotics training center at Hyundai Motor, part of broader industry push. Hyundai plans to deploy up to 25,000 Atlas humanoid robots across Hyundai and Kia plants starting in 2028.
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