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TechActive · 31h

Ink & Switch's 2025 'Malleable Software' essay resurfaces on Hacker News

A year-old essay arguing users should be able to freely reshape their software gains fresh traction online.

What to know

  • A 2025 Ink & Switch essay argues that software should be as editable and reshapeable by users as physical spaces are, rather than locked-down 'appliances.'
  • The essay identifies barriers across programming languages, operating systems, and app stores that treat users as passive recipients rather than co-creators.
  • The piece has resurfaced on Hacker News (40 points, 9 comments) and been reposted across Mastodon a year after original publication, without new commentary content provided in the evidence.

Geoffrey Litt Co-author, Ink & Switch researcherJosh Horowitz Co-author, Ink & Switch researcherPeter van Hardenberg Co-author, Ink & Switch researcherTodd Matthews Co-author, Ink & Switch researcher

Ink & Switch's 2025 'Malleable Software' essay resurfaces on Hacker News
inkandswitch.com

How it unfolded 3 developments, newest first · click a bar or a number to jump articlesposts

Peak 4 pieces in one half hour at Today, 6 AM; 18 pieces over 32 hours (1 article · 4 posts · 13 comments) Yesterday, 2:13 PM — quietYesterday, 2:43 PM — 3 pieces · 1 article · 1 post · 1 comment — Hacker News 2, Newswires 1Yesterday, 3:13 PM — quietYesterday, 3:43 PM — quietYesterday, 4:13 PM — quietYesterday, 4:43 PM — quietYesterday, 5:13 PM — quietYesterday, 5:43 PM — quietYesterday, 6:13 PM — quietYesterday, 6:43 PM — quietYesterday, 7:13 PM — quietYesterday, 7:43 PM — quietYesterday, 8:13 PM — quietYesterday, 8:43 PM — quietYesterday, 9:13 PM — quietYesterday, 9:43 PM — quietYesterday, 10:13 PM — 1 piece · 1 post — Mastodon 1Yesterday, 10:43 PM — quietYesterday, 11:13 PM — quietYesterday, 11:43 PM — quietToday, 12:13 AM — quietToday, 12:43 AM — quietToday, 1:13 AM — quietToday, 1:43 AM — 2 pieces · 1 post · 1 comment — Hacker News 1, Mastodon 1Today, 2:13 AM — quietToday, 2:43 AM — quietToday, 3:13 AM — 2 pieces · 2 comments — Hacker News 2Today, 3:43 AM — quietToday, 4:13 AM — 1 piece · 1 comment — Hacker News 1Today, 4:43 AM — 1 piece · 1 comment — Hacker News 1Today, 5:13 AM — 1 piece · 1 comment — Hacker News 1Today, 5:43 AM — quietToday, 6:13 AM — 4 pieces · 1 post · 3 comments — Hacker News 3, Mastodon 1Today, 6:43 AM — quietToday, 7:13 AM — quietToday, 7:43 AM — quietToday, 8:13 AM — quietToday, 8:43 AM — 1 piece · 1 comment — Hacker News 1Today, 9:13 AM — quietToday, 9:43 AM — quietToday, 10:13 AM — quietToday, 10:43 AM — quietToday, 11:13 AM — 1 piece · 1 comment — Hacker News 1Today, 11:43 AM — quietToday, 12:13 PM — quietToday, 12:43 PM — quietToday, 1:13 PM — quietToday, 1:43 PM — quietToday, 2:13 PM — 1 piece · 1 comment — Hacker News 1Today, 2:43 PM — quietToday, 3:13 PM — quietToday, 3:43 PM — quietToday, 4:13 PM — quietToday, 4:43 PM — quietToday, 5:13 PM — quietToday, 5:43 PM — quietToday, 6:13 PM — quietToday, 6:43 PM — quietToday, 7:13 PM — quietToday, 7:43 PM — quietToday, 8:13 PM — quietToday, 8:43 PM — quietToday, 9:13 PM — quietToday, 9:43 PM — quiet 123
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  1. 3

    Second Mastodon bot repost of the essay

    A separate Mastodon aggregator account (newsycombinator@framapiaf.org) reposts the same essay and HN comments link, indicating continued cross-platform pickup of the resurfaced piece.

    • I believe it is critical for regulators to force mega-corporations (and software vendors in general) to permit third party clients.I use services like YouTube every day, why can I get sued if I write my own YouTube client that's better than the one provided by Google? Why can I get sued if I create a chat client that aggregates the myriad of chat…

      apatheticonionHacker News20h agoview on Hacker News ↗
    2 more of the top 3 · 12 posts in this stretch
    • I agree that the current state of software is quite rigid. There is no room for imperfection and often one opinion is seen as fixed the best.I think the essence of the GPL is trying to solve this issue, the freedoms of that license is focused on keeping software as editable as possible. The idea of malleable software is not new but most…

      trashbHacker News15h agoview on Hacker News ↗
    • Looks like Microsoft were listening to Ink & Switch and borrowed their multiple-values-in-a-cell idea.Feb 2025: https://www.inkandswitch.com/ambsheets/notebook/September 2026:

      willtemperleyHacker News18h agoview on Hacker News ↗
    all of them →
  2. 2

    Essay link reposted on Mastodon

    An automated Mastodon account (hkrn@mstdn.social) reposts the essay link along with the Hacker News comments URL, extending the essay's circulation beyond HN.

  3. 1

    Essay resurfaces on Hacker News front page

    The essay reappears on Hacker News under user evakhoury, reaching a score of 40 with 9 comments, alongside a lower-traction duplicate posting via an HN Frontpage RSS aggregator.

    “The original promise of personal computing was a new kind of clay—a malleable material that users could reshape at will. Instead, we got appliances: built far away, sealed, unchangeable.”
    — Geoffrey Litt, Josh Horowitz, Peter van Hardenberg, and Todd Matthews, Ink & Switch researchers · source
    • Discussed at the time:Malleable software: Restoring user agency in a world of locked-down apps - https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=44237881 - June 2025 (114 comments)

      dangHacker News1d agoview on Hacker News ↗
  4. background

    Ink & Switch publishes 'Malleable Software' essay — Researchers Geoffrey Litt, Josh Horowitz, Peter van Hardenberg, and Todd Matthews publish an essay at Ink & Switch arguing that software should be as reshapeable as physical environments, contrasting today's 'sealed, unchangeable' apps with a vision of user-editable tools.

What people are saying 9 voices from 1 site · best of 13 · verbatim